Understanding 1-Chlorobutane: Properties and Uses

Essential Properties of 1-Chlorobutane

1. Chemical Composition

1-Chlorobutane boasts a molecular formula of C₄H₉Cl, which indicates the presence of four carbon atoms, nine hydrogen atoms, and a singular chlorine atom.

2. Molecular Weight

The molecular weight stands at approximately 92.57 g/mol, an essential figure for accurate stoichiometric calculations.

3. Physical Appearance

At ambient temperature, this compound presents as a colorless liquid, exuding a mild sweet aroma, making it manageable in laboratory conditions.

4. Boiling Point

The boiling point is around 78.6 °C, which supports its functionality in distillation applications.

5. Solubility Characteristics

1-Chlorobutane is not soluble in water; however, it easily dissolves in organic solvents like ethanol, diethyl ether, and acetone. This trait enhances its utility in organic reactions.

6. Density

With a density of approximately 0.87 g/cm³, its behavior in solvent mixtures is notably influenced.

7. Reactive Nature

This compound readily engages in nucleophilic substitution reactions, a vital aspect of organic synthesis.

Applications of 1-Chlorobutane

1. Solvent Application

Often utilized as a solvent in organic synthesis, 1-Chlorobutane effectively dissolves a diverse range of compounds.

2. Synthesis Intermediate

It plays a crucial role as an intermediate in the functionalization of numerous chemicals, including butyl rubber and other derivatives.

3. Surfactant Production

This compound is pivotal in creating surfactants and emulsifiers, integral to cleaning and personal care items.

4. Chiral Synthesis

1-Chlorobutane can be employed in asymmetric synthesis for generating chiral molecules important in the pharmaceutical field.

5. Reactivity in Polymerization

Serving as a reactant in various polymerization methods, it assists in the creation of synthetic materials and plastics.

6. Laboratory Use

In academic and research settings, 1-Chlorobutane is frequently used as a reagent in experiments involving nucleophilic substitutions.

7. Precursor for Chlorobutane Synthesis

This compound is a precursor in generating other halobutanes, facilitating the study of varied chemical properties and reactions.

Safety Measures and Handling Precautions

1. Toxicity Awareness

With moderate toxicity levels, it is crucial to handle 1-Chlorobutane carefully and refer to safety data sheets (SDS) before use.

2. Inhalation Hazards

Extended exposure to its vapors may result in respiratory complications, thus the necessity for adequate workspace ventilation.

3. Contact Risks

Direct interaction may lead to irritation; therefore, gloves and goggles are recommended during handling.

4. Flammability Concerns

It poses a flammability risk with a flash point around 25 °C, necessitating prudent storage away from ignition sources.

Final Thoughts

1-Chlorobutane emerges as an adaptable compound with notable properties and a wide array of applications across industrial and laboratory environments. Understanding its unique characteristics and ensuring safe handling practices are essential for effectively utilizing this valuable chemical. Its significant role in organic synthesis and various materials production highlights its critical place in the chemical industry.

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